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משפטים פרקים כ"א-כ"ב |
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משפטים פרקים כ"א-כ"ב |
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-Mishpat - we do a mitzvah and we know the reason for doing it. Chok - we do a mitzvah and we don�t know the reason. Edut - we do a mitzvah because we believe in something that Hashem did.
-You can get an Eved Ivri from 2 things - someone steals something and cant pay it back. or a person is so poor that he sells himself into slavery.
-The master has to provide food for his kids and wife.
-If the guy comes w/o a wife, he leaves w/o a wife.
-If the master wants to give him a 2nd wife - eesha knaanit - he may only do so if he is already married. For if he is single, he might become attached to that lady and she�s not Jewish, so it will be intermarriage.
-The slave may leave after 6 years. If after 6 years he wants to stay, his right ear is pierced by the mezuzah of the door. Why the ear? It heard at Har Sinai not to steal. But what if the person sold himself into slavery. � What is the reason that that persons EAR is pierced? It heard at Har Sinai not to make another master for yourself and here he came and made another master. Why the right? a gzeirah shava between metzorah and eved. Why next to the door and mezuza? BC Hashem did miracles near them in Egypt
-Everything about a slave is hinted at in Asertet Hadibrot.
-Why does the Torah repeatedly right "Latzet" to show us how much they want the eved to NOT be a slave..
-You may not work a slave too hard, or give him degrading work, such as cleaning your shoes or bathing you. You can�t trick him or cheat him. His work should be something he�s good at. You have to give him sheep and other things because Hashem took you out of Egypt in great wealth. The master and the slave have to be equal.
-If a father is so poor, he may give his daughter as a wife to a person. She can only leave after shnat yovel and when she hits puberty. If he hits her, she can�t leave. If he wants to divorce her, he has to pay. He may marry someone else. He is not allowed to take from her three things. The father can only give his daughter if he has nothing else to sell.
-If a person hits another person, he has to die if on purpose. If by accident - he goes to ir miklat.
-If a person hits his parents - he dies.
-If a person steals a person and sells him - he dies.
-If you curse your parents, you die
-If there is a fight, the person has to pay.
for 5 things. Nezek, tzaar, repui, shevet, and boshet.
-If a person kills a eved knaanni - has to pay
-If he doesn�t die within 24 hours he�s fine bc losing his slave is enough of a punishment
-Case of killing in a fight - pregnant lady. killed. baby killed - pay money. woman killed - nefesh tachat nefesh - either money or actually killing
-eye for an eye, burn for a burn, wound for a wound. tooth for a tooth. - has to pay money
H-it an eved cnaani goes free. its in eye, tooth, ten fingers, 10 toe fingers, nose, 2 ears, males reproduction organ
-Shor tam kills some1, the bull is killed the owner is fine.
-Shor Mooad - bull killed. owner has to pay - for his life or for the life he killed
-If a bull kills a child, same punishment. You might�ve thought....no bc the kid might�ve provoked it.
-If a bull kills an even canani - pay 30 shekel. Why not his worth? bc he was already sold and the torah doesn�t want to have to put the eved through that pain again
-If a shor kills another shor - you sell the bones and split it btw the people
-If a person steals a bull or sheep and kills it... for the bull 5x and the sheep 4x. Why more for the bull? 1. It does more work. 2. When the stealer takes the sheep, it is embarrassing since he has to carry it. So the embarrassment takes away some of the payment
-If your animal digs a hole and another animal falls in it, you have to pay for that animal.
-Haba Bamachteret - thing with Gemara
-If you steal something and the object is alive - you have to pay 2x.
-If an animal does damage on the field, you have to pay for the best part of the field.
-It you cause a fire on a field, you have to pay the damage.
-Shomrim
-Somer Chinam - watch the thing for free. not so responsible.
-Shomer Shachar - watch the thing for money. very responsible.
-Shoel - borrrower.. no payment. but verrrrryyy responsible
Sachir - renter
-if you seduce a betulah and sleep with her, you have to marry her. If the father doesn�t let, you have to pay money.
-Have to die:
-people who practice witchcraft
-sleep with an animal
-give korbans to other gods
The common denominator - all try to change nature
-Don�t torture a convert because you were gerim in Egypt. Don�t torture a widow and an orphan. If you do, you will bee killed because Hashem will protect them. You will be killed and your body wont be able to be found. Your wife won�t be able to remarry and your kids wont receive inheritance.
-If you lend money, you cant hound the person for it. and you cant charge interest. But u can take collateral - you must return it every day.
-You have to give beekurim, terumah, ma'aser and pidyon haben.
-How are we supposed to be K'dosheem L'Hashem? Don't eat taref - which means it wasn't slaughtered properly. Rather, give it to the dog. Why the dog? Because in Makat Bechorot, the dogs remained silent.
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