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ספר
במדבר=תורת כהנים
Its called
this because ויקרא talks about the
קורבנות and the כהנים
make the קורבנות.
רמב''ם-
in ancient world there was ע''ז god wants you
to get closer to him, and them to stop doing ע''ז.
רמב''ן-
to undo the חטא(sin) and we see that other ppl
in the torah did קורבנות (adam, noah,
קין והבל)
פרק א
Why is
there a small ?א
1)
לשון חיבה(love)
2)
The angels said- וקרא זה אל זה ואמר
3)
Bc moshe wanted to be humble, he wanted to write ויקר-means
happening.
2 types of
קורבנות:
1)
קדש קדשים-
שלמים, פסח
a) also the owner of the korban eats it
b) there is more time to eat it
c) are allowed to it outside לעזרה(beit
hamikdash)
2)
קדש קלים-
עולה, חטאת, אשם קורבנות ציבור
a)ONLY cohen and the מזבח
can eat it
b)are allowed to eat ONLY in beit hamikdash
עולה,מנחה,שלמים
-קרבן נדבה
אשם,חטאת
�קרבןחובה
How do we sacrifice
קורבנות ?
There are 8 steps
1)
סמיכה
(+וִדוּי)
2)
שחיטה-
slaughter
3)
-קבלת
הדם בכלי
4)
הולכה-מביא
הדם למזבח brings blood to
5)
זריקה-throws
blood on זורק דם על מזבח
6)
הפשטה-
skinning the animal
7)
ניתוח-
to cut the animal in pieces
8)
הקטרה-
putting the meat on מזבח
This is going to be a little
confusing:
Steps 1-5 pertain to all korbanot
Step 6 ONLY for a cow
Steps 7-8 depends on the korban
can be
either male or female -עולות עוף
The cohen doesn�t slaughter the
bird, he takes his thumb and slits the throat with his nail. Then puts the blood
on the
מזבח
פרק ב
4 types of
מנחה:
1) סלת-
flour
2)מאפה
תנור- baked
3)מחבת-
fried
4)מרחשת-
deep fried
In this korban you put: (oil)
שמן, (flour)חיטים
קמח, and (spices) לבונה
If woman is
סוטה she has to birng
מנחה קנאוות
In which the person bringקמח
שעורים ONLY,no spices, oil no
Then the cohen takes some of it
and puts it on the מזבח
Rashi- pasuk
א- a poor person brings
מנחה and not עולה
be can�t afford עולה.
פרק ג
-
קרבן
שלמים
Can bring any animal
Rashi- pasuk
א- why do we call it
שלמים
a)
brings peace
b)
שלם-
everyone gets a piece of the korban- ה׳,כהן,בעל
פרק ד-קרבן חטאת
�
Korban that you bring when you do
מצװת לא תעשה
�
if you a sin on purpose the punishment is:לאו,
כרת
4 types of
חטאת
a) cohen gadol that does a sin
Rashi- if the cohen sins it shows
that the nation is not in order
Type: male bull
b)
עדת ישראל- that gives wrong halacha
contradicting the law
Rashi-
סנהדרין
Type: male bull
c)נשיא-
leader
״אשר
נשיא יחטא״-לשון אשרי
Type: male goat
d) נפש
כי תחטא=אדם פרטי
Brings regular korban
מנחה
Type: female goat or sheep
פרק ה-עולה
ויורד
1)
if person is a witness and he swears falsely
2)
if person is unpure and then he went inside beit mikdash, or ate a korban (rashi)
3)
if person made a promise and never fulfills it
what do we bring?
Rich: female sheep or male goat
Poor: 2 birds (dove or pigeon)
Poorer than poor:
מנחה (its instead of animal in korban
חטאת)
מנחה סלת-
instead of עולה
(spices or oil putting no)חטאת of instead-מנחה עולה ויורד
אשם-
Type: male ram
costs less than 2
שקלים, expensive korban
6 types:
a) אשם
מעילות
מעילה-
when person uses an object from ״קדש״ without
permission
Punishment-
קרבן+קרן+חומש
קרן-
100%= $100
חומש-
25%=1/5 from $125
b)תלוי-
person doesn�t know if he has
committed a sin
example: drank on yom kippur �
doesn�t know if he drank less than 1.0 oz or drank cheekful. However if he knows
that he sinned he brings חטאת.
Punishment- same as 1
3)
גזלות- stealing גזל=גנבה
When a person swears it makes the
claim stronger. The person swore in hashem�s name to make the other person
believe him.
Punishment- same as 1 & 2
The next 3 types are not in the
torah:
4)
נזיר-
a person swears that he will be a נזיר and then
becomes unpure and has to bring אשם
5)
מצורע
6)
-שפחה
חרופה
When a christain lady has 2
masters, she is freed from one and she becomes jewish. There is a problem now
she is half jewish half christian, and then a man sleeps with that lady he has
to bring a אשם
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