Triumphs & Tragedies

The Long Way Home

• American soldiers get to camp and see Jews

• Jews were all starved and dying

• Many soldiers threw up from prisoners; Prisoners wanted them to leave

• 13,000 corpses to bury

• Soldiers burn corpses and bunkers

• �fight the war as if there is no white paper, fight the white paper as if there is no war� Ben Gurion

•  DP(displaced person) camps are built for prisoners

• Jewish brigade wear stars on their arms

• Jewish Brigade fights with British army

• Children were first to go to Israel.

• England becomes bankrupt

• Bad economy, oil and jews affect  British

• Arabs cut off oil to British because they are helping Jews

• Harrison goes to see how Americans treat jews in DP camp

• Harrison sees poor conditions and pressures US to free jews

• Don�t know where to put Jews

• Americans holding jews looks like the Nazis holding the Jews

• British turn down Truman�s offer and only allow 1500 Jews in a month.

• Patton said jews were lower then Americans

• Runaway Jews and other Jews were snuck out of Germany and sent to Israel in the Bricha

• Anglo America commission formed in 1946 to help Jewish refugees.

• Chaim Weitzman said jews can only enter Israel as illegal immigrants

•  Americans volunteered to help Jews into Israel.

• 63 ships left to Israel and only 6 made it

• Jews caught were sent to Cypress

• In 1946, British got orders to allow 100,000 Jews into Palestine

• British denies this

• Why doesn�t America allow Jews in?

• They were anti foreigners

• Cold war starts; immigrants cant come in America

• Jews blow up King David hotel(British quarters)

• 91 people died

• 41 Jews killed in Poland because ea boy accuses them of blood libel

• Borders were kept open and 90,000 Jews were allowed from Poland

• Jews caught were sent to DP camps in Cypress

• DP camps have the highest birth rate in the world for Jewish congregations

• By 1946, 1,000 babies were born a month.

• Jews were allowed back into the U.S

• British fed up with Jews so send problem to the UN

• British end mandate over Palestine in May 1948

• UN starts a committee to deal with Palestine; UNSCOP(United Nations Special Committee On Palestine)

• The Exodus sets sail to Palestine with Jewish Immigrants

• British ships fire at it and kill 3 people

• Boats sent to France but no one gets off

• Boats then sent to Germany and put into concentration camps

• UNSCOP wants to split Palestine between Arabs and Jews

• 2/3 of people need to vote for partition

• People tell Trumann not to do it because it is 30,000,000 Arabs Vs. 600,000 Jews and Jews will be pushed into Mediterranean

• 33 voted for Jews getting Palestine

• Terrorist attacks start in Jerusalem

• Bombs start in Israel

• British refuse to help Jews

• May 14, 1948 was the last day of British mandate of Palestine

• States can be declared but people may not recognize them

• Marshall was against Jews getting Israel and threatened to not assist Trumann if he supported it

• Ben Gurion meets in Jerusalem and names the state Israel

• Prisoner camps open and Jews were allowed to enter Israel

Israel: Birth of A Nation (Don�t Know if it is on the test)

• Takes place in 1948

• Jerusalem was made neutral

• Arabs fight to get the forts so the Jews and Arabs fight for them

• Forts controlled strategic wars

• The Jewish army was formed underground

• Not official and needed to make weapons

• Only had 3 days worth of ammo

• Palmach had 3,000 soldiers in the beginning of the war

• Ergum had 2,000 soldiers in it. Fought against the British

• Ben Guryan said the jews should hold onto Jerusalem

• They failed to do this

• January 14^th Arabs move to attack jews

• 35 boys from Yeshivah were killed and mutilated by Arabs

• Children near Arab villages were moved away

• Bombs are going off and Palestinian Jews blame British for helping the Arabs

• There were no supplies allowed into Jewish land so Jews were going to starve

• Arab armies went to attack jews in Jerusalem

• Battle for Jaffa begins. Supposed to be for Arabs

• November 1948 War starts

• Jews win on May 11

• Many Arabs died and only 3,000 were left

• Arabs and jews fighting to get land when British leave

• Golda Meir went to meet with King Abdul to discuss stopping the war from starting

• He said he wont start a war if they don�t declare a state and stop immigrating

• Golda said if they want war they will bring war

• Egyptian spit-fires (war planes) attack Tel-Aviv

• Jews barely have any weapons

• General of British said the Jews would lose in 2 weeks

• Egyptians plan an attack on Tel-Aviv

• All Arab armies plan attacks on Jewish land

• Jews fight back with 2 artillery pieces and win

• Jerusalem was under Jordanian rule

In Search Of Peace

• Lehi and Yirgun didn�t want to have a truce

• Ben Gurion didn�t want to allow war

• Altuliana is a ship with weapons that Ben Gurian wanted to stop from coming in

• Ben Gurian would have to fight Jew vs. Jew to stop (oy vey!)

• Ship is destroyed and 70 people died

• Golda Meir tries to get Jews out of Russia

• Jews were not allowed to leave

• More that 6,000 Israelis died in the war of Independence

• Hundreds of thousands of Arabs are left as refugees

• May 11, 1942 Israel is recognized as a state

• Arab refugees were used as �Political Pawns� to get settlements.

• Refugees were used as propaganda

• 120,000 Holocaust survivors came to Israel

• Operation magic carpet: Jews that needed help would be taken on planes to Israel. This was the Temani Jews.

• 600,000 Jews came into Israel.

• There were no Jewish refugee camps.

6 Day War

�         Abdul Nasser is the leader in Egypt and he wants to unite the Arabs but the Jew are in the way

�         Israel is still living with the consequences of the 6 day war

�         There are terrorist training camps in Lebanon

�         Syrians will allow them to enter Israel through their lands

�         There were skirmishes with Soviet planes over Syria

�         6 Planes from the soviets were hot down

�         Victor Semienoff says that Israel is responsible

�         Sadat made the peace treaties for Israel

�         Soviets say that Israel is poised to attacking

�         Egypt and Syria have a pact that if one is threatened the other one will help

�         4 Egyptian divisions are sent to Syria

�         All the Arab weapons were Soviet and high class

�         40,000 troops were sent to fight

�         People were told that Israel was ready to attack

�         Israel didn�t have any idea what was happening

�         Rabine is the head of the Israeli Army

�         Eshkol decides to send 3,000 soldiers to fight because he didn�t want to provoke a war

�         Israeli and Egyptian armies are separated by a UN Buffer

�         Straits of Tiran: where Jews retreat during war

�         Egypt tells the UN to move the Buffer and allow them to fight

�         UN moves the buffer

�         Nasser tells the UN that they can push the Jews to the borders

�         Egypt closes the straits of Tiran to Jews

�         Nasser tells Jews if they want war to come to them

�         Nasser tells the press that he has no intentions of war

�         Yitzhak Rabine tells Eshkol that Israelis should attack because they are in danger

�         President Johnson says Israel cant attack first because he cant help them if they do

�         Egyptians were happy that the Straits of Tiran were closed

�         Jews would rather commit suicide then go to war

�         Arab propaganda gave fears of another holocaust

�         Bun Guryan wanted to prevent going to war

�         Nasser goes to Moscow to ask for support

�         Russia said they cant give support on the first strike

�         Nasser postponed the first strike

�         Aba Iban goes to tell America to open the straits of Tiran

�         President doesn�t want to make the first attack

�         President thinks that Israel is stron enough to fight alone

�         America believes that Israel can win within 7-14 days

�         Iban tells that America isn�t willing to react so fast

�         Eshkol is general so he gets a lot of negativity

�         Moshe Dayan becomes the defense Minister

�         Public was happy Moshe Dayan was DM

�         He is a hero and he won the war in Egypt in 1957

�         Moshe Dayan believes that war is the only way      

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