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Navi Yeshayahu Nachamu 40 |
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v What type of prophesy did we learn before?
� 1-39 deal with the rebuke of bnei yisroel
� their sins lead to punishment, galut, chorban
� 40-66 deal with nechama, consolence
� will lead to geula + hope
� On tisha b'av the beit hamikdash was destroyed. Between tisha b'av and rosh hashana, which is judgment day, are 7 weeks. During weeks, we read a haftarah from Yeshayahu from perekim 40-66 to comfort us after the burning of the beit hamikdash
v List the 4 voices of Nechama (comfort/consolation)
� Voice of double (cefula) comfort
� Who said to whom?
� Yeshayahu/God to Bnei Yisroel
� What did he say to do?
� To console eachother
�
דַּבְּרוּ עַל-לֵב
יְרוּשָׁלִַם, וְקִרְאוּ אֵלֶיהָ
� Why is this the time for comfort?
� Fulfilled all the punishment possible so now start fresh, new slate (god punished with the galut/churban)
� כִּי מָלְאָה צְבָאָהּ, כִּי נִרְצָה עֲוֹנָהּ: .
� Because her time is full, because her atonement is paid off
�
Why is �
נַחֲמוּ"
written twice?
�
נַחֲמוּ נַחֲמוּ,
עַמִּי--יֹאמַר, אֱלֹהֵיכֶם
�
because they got
double (ciflaim) punishment so they have to get double nechama
�
כִּי
לָקְחָה מִיַּד יְהוָה, כִּפְלַיִם בְּכָל-חַטֹּאתֶיהָ
� Voice call to build a new road (mesila) for God (can also be interpreted for today for us to go to Israel from exile)
�
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What does the announcer announce? |
To build a new road for God |
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Why did they build a new road? |
Symbolizes that God is with us in the exile and we are returning with him from exile (babel) to Israel. |
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What is specific/special about this road? |
כָּל-גֶּיא, יִנָּשֵׂא, וְכָל-הַר וְגִבְעָה, יִשְׁפָּלוּ; וְהָיָה הֶעָקֹב לְמִישׁוֹר, וְהָרְכָסִים לְבִקְעָה. Every valley will rise and mountain lower (to ground level), and crooked to straight . Cliffs to plains. |
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To what does this event compare? |
Just like a thorn bush hurts a person with thorn and fire in the sneh to show that God is with us (in Shemot)... |
�
וְנִגְלָה, כְּבוֹד
יְהוָה; וְרָאוּ כָל-בָּשָׂר יַחְדָּו, כִּי פִּי יְהוָה דִּבֵּר
� honor of God will be reveled and everyone will be together...every problem that was before will be solved. The exile will end- and there will be gilui panim
� Voice calls that the word of God will last forever
� A voice says, � call out� so another voice asks, � what should I call out.�
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Parable |
Moral |
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כָּל-הַבָּשָׂר
חָצִיר, וְכָל-חַסְדּוֹ כְּצִיץ הַשָּׂדֶה
יָבֵשׁ חָצִיר נָבֵל צִיץ, כִּי רוּחַ יְהוָה
נָשְׁבָה בּוֹ; אָכֵן חָצִיר, הָעָם all mankind like grass, all promise/goodliness like flower of the field. The grass dries up and the flower withers, because a wind of God blows; of course the people are grass. |
יָבֵשׁ חָצִיר, נָבֵל צִיץ; וּדְבַר-אֱלֹהֵינוּ, יָקוּם לְעוֹלָם. The grass and flower can dry up but the word of God will last forever. God promised us he will save us from exile. People are mortal but God is immortal |
� Voice of the female announcer of Zion
�
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Who says to whom? |
God
to the Mevaseret |
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What did he say to do? |
To go up on the tall mountain to talk to bnei yisroel |
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Why was she afraid? |
That the conquerors (babel) will kill her when they hear her saying that bnei yisroel will return from exile |
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Why did she use the 2 different names of God?
הִנֵּה אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה בְּחָזָק
יָבוֹא, וּזְרֹעוֹ מֹשְׁלָה לוֹ; הִנֵּה שְׂכָרוֹ אִתּוֹ, וּפְעֻלָּתוֹ
לְפָנָיו (יְהוִה has nikudot like elokim so we link them both) |
Different meanings to different names of God (pity and justice...). 2 names is like God has double nechama and comes to take them from exile. This is nechama that not only the leader of the whole world come to save them but he also was, is and will be and he is my god. |
v List the 5 rhetorical questions that show God's greatness
�
מִי-מָדַד
בְּשָׁעֳלוֹ מַיִם, וְשָׁמַיִם בַּזֶּרֶת תִּכֵּן, וְכָל בַּשָּׁלִשׁ, עֲפַר
הָאָרֶץ; וְשָׁקַל בַּפֶּלֶס הָרִים, וּגְבָעוֹת בְּמֹאזְנָיִם
�
Against men that think that they can do all they want to do
The whole world is in God's hands. Hashem is the one and only
that everything belongs to him and he can do whatever he wants. There is a
difference between Hashem and man. Hashem can do whatever he wants and man
can't.
�
מִי-תִכֵּן
אֶת-רוּחַ, יְהוָה; וְאִישׁ, עֲצָתוֹ יוֹדִיעֶנּו
אֶת-מִי נוֹעָץ וַיְבִינֵהוּ, וַיְלַמְּדֵהוּ
בְּאֹרַח מִשְׁפָּט; וַיְלַמְּדֵהוּ דַעַת, וְדֶרֶךְ תְּבוּנוֹת יוֹדִיעֶנּוּ
� is anyone more important than Hashem? Who can give Hashem an idea? Who is the man that gives Hashem thought? Thought of God is different than of man because God was, is and will be.
�
וְאֶל-מִי,
תְּדַמְּיוּן אֵל; וּמַה-דְּמוּת, תַּעַרְכוּ לוֹ
הַפֶּסֶל
נָסַךְ חָרָשׁ, וְצֹרֵף בַּזָּהָב יְרַקְּעֶנּוּ; וּרְתֻקוֹת כֶּסֶף, צוֹרֵף
הַמְסֻכָּן
תְּרוּמָה, עֵץ לֹא-יִרְקַב יִבְחָר; חָרָשׁ חָכָם יְבַקֶּשׁ-לוֹ, לְהָכִין פֶּסֶל
לֹא יִמּוֹט
�
Against idol worship. Against giving comparing and giving
traits to God
Who is similar and what image can we give God? Can't see God
and can't give him physical traits to show that he is God because he is greater
than the physical. Have to melt then pour it into a shape- shouldn't a God be
able to make itself...?
�
הֲלוֹא תֵדְעוּ
הֲלוֹא תִשְׁמָעוּ, הֲלוֹא הֻגַּד מֵרֹאשׁ לָכֶם; הֲלוֹא, הֲבִינוֹתֶם, מוֹסְדוֹת,
הָאָרֶץ
הַיֹּשֵׁב עַל-חוּג הָאָרֶץ, וְיֹשְׁבֶיהָ
כַּחֲגָבִים; הַנּוֹטֶה כַדֹּק שָׁמַיִם, וַיִּמְתָּחֵם כָּאֹהֶל לָשָׁבֶת
הַנּוֹתֵן רוֹזְנִים, לְאָיִן; שֹׁפְטֵי אֶרֶץ, כַּתֹּהוּ עָשָׂה (also pasuk 24 but don't really have to know it)
� don't' you know, hear that there is a ruler of the whole land? God is the zenith and looks down on the world and the people are small as grasshoppers to him
�
וְאֶל-מִי
תְדַמְּיוּנִי, וְאֶשְׁוֶה--יֹאמַר, קָדוֹשׁ
שְׂאוּ-מָרוֹם עֵינֵיכֶם וּרְאוּ מִי-בָרָא אֵלֶּה,
הַמּוֹצִיא בְמִסְפָּר צְבָאָם; לְכֻלָּם, בְּשֵׁם יִקְרָא, מֵרֹב אוֹנִים
וְאַמִּיץ כֹּחַ, אִישׁ לֹא נֶעְדָּר
� to whom is he similar and equate? Is anyone equal to God? God knows how many stars there are in the heavens but man never knows.
v How does God describe the importance of man in pisukim 15,16 & 17?
�
הֵן גּוֹיִם כְּמַר
מִדְּלִי, וּכְשַׁחַק מֹאזְנַיִם נֶחְשָׁבוּ; הֵן אִיִּים, כַּדַּק יִטּוֹל
וּלְבָנוֹן, אֵין דֵּי בָּעֵר; וְחַיָּתוֹ--אֵין
דֵּי, עוֹלָה
כָּל-הַגּוֹיִם, כְּאַיִן נֶגְדּוֹ; מֵאֶפֶס וָתֹהוּ,
נֶחְשְׁבוּ-לוֹ
� כְּמַר מִדְּלִי: drop in a bucket
� שַׁחַק מֹאזְנַיִם: dust of a scale
� אִיִּים, כַּדַּק יִטּוֹל: he lifts up the islands and they are like dust to him
� וּלְבָנוֹן, אֵין דֵּי בָּעֵר: (animals) if someone wants to bring a sacrifice to praise God all the animals are not enough, and to burn trees all the trees in the Lebanon aren't enough to praise God. He is so great that there is nothing you can do to praise him enough.
� כָּל-הַגּוֹיִם, כְּאַיִן נֶגְדּוֹ; מֵאֶפֶס וָתֹהוּ: all of the nations are considered as nothing next to God
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