The Prophesy of Yeshayahu the Son of Amaotz

v  The title of the book of Yeshayahu

�  The student will be able to answer 5 questions

1. Language: Hebrew

2. Who wrote the book: Yeshayahu the son of Amotz

3. When was the book written: The days of Uziyahu, Yotam, Achaz, and Yechezkiyahu (Kings of Yehudah). 742-688 BCE

4. On what or who is it written: Yehudah and Jerusalem

5. What is the name of the book: Chazon Yeshyahu the son of Amotz

�  Why is it not written on Israel, only Yehudah and Jerusalem?

�  Maybe there were other Prophets that prophesized on Israel.

�  Maybe the first chapter was not written on the beginning of Yeshayahu�s life. Many times things aren�t in chronological order. There are 66 chapters in the book and maybe the first chapter is the table of contents to the book of Yeshayahu.

v  The Nation of Israel Left God

�  The student will name the two relationships that the Prophet used to describe the relationship between us and God

Mashal (Lesson)

�  Father: Son

�         There is hope-father has pity on his son

�  Owner: Animal/Servant

�         Avdut- owner has to respect his servant and the servant has to respect his owner

Nimshal (Moral)

�  The animal recognizes its owner, but the nation of Israel don't recognize their god (their owner/master)

�  The relationship between the owner and animal is stronger because even an animal that does not have an intelligence can recognize its owner and the nation of Israel, who are intelligent, did not recognize God.

�  How the Prophet described the bad people and their sins

�  Sins

�         Leave God by not doing mitzvot

�         Worshiped idols- destroyed holiness of Israel

�         Turn their back on God by converting

�  Description of the bad people

�         Heavy with sins

�         Bad seeds (sons/descendants)

�         Bad sons (mashchitim)

�  What will happen if you don't repent

Mashal

A man was very sick and was covered in bruises.

�  Did not sprinkle so bruise=blood

�  Did not bandage so Chavura= Hit

�  Did not put oil on it so macah hatroh=leche=Puss

Nimshal

�  Your lands will be desolate

�  Your cities will be on fire

�  Stranger will eat in your land

�  The relationship here wasn't like with Sodom and Amorah that were totally destroyed. Here the relationship was Father: Son because a father has pity like God has pity here.

v  Offerings brought that aren�t wanted

�  The student will write what god wanted and didn't want from the nation of Israel.

�  If you steal from someone you can;t say i will keep 5 Shabatot because if you sin in a Loh Ta'aseh of between a person and his friend you cannot absolve it by doing something thats between you and god.

�  Sacrifices- Zevachim, Olah, Ayil, Chalav Miryim, Dam Parim, Sheep and goat, Mincha, Ketoret, Chodesh, Shabbat, Moadim, Karah Mikreh, Parshechem Kapechem

�         Savati- i will pop/ completely full

�         Loh Chafasti- I do not want the sacrifices because the nation of Israel do not give the sacrifices at the right time

�         If you turn away from me I will not listen. If it's not the right feeling (cavana), God wont listen

�  Doesn't want

�         Minchat Shav- useless and is disgusting to God

�      Without the right cavana

�      Chavero/Makom- friend and God- bribe or stole

�         Not on a holiday

�      Like a contradiction for God to see it happening in the Beit Hamikdash

�  Wants

Negative

�         Wash (Mikveh)= from sins

�         Purify

�         Get rid of bad deeds

Positive- cant just be a good person by not doing bad, you have to do good also. Stop doing the bad and start doing the good

�         Learn to do good deeds

�         Explain law

�         Ashru Chamotz= help/ strengthen  victim

�         Judge the orphan

�         Fight for the widow (help weak person)

�  If your sins will be red like snow, read like red fruits like wool will be- If your sins are red/ horrible things like snow (white)- It is opposite here to show God wants them to challenge him

�  The nation of Israel have a free choice/ it is up to you

�         If they listen they can eat from the land/ land will be good

�         If they do bad a sword will kill/eat them

v  Prophesy against the leaders and bad people that butcher the will of God

�  The student will be able to draw the circle of the sins and punishments

�  Kiryah Ne'emana (Jerusalem- was full of justice and righteousness)

�  Now: Sins

�         Murderers

�         Caspcha lsigim (silver mixed with another type of metal)

�         Savech mahul bamaim (wine mixed with water)

�         Saraich soririm (kings are rebellious/stray/sin)

�      Vechavrei Ganavim (let the thieves do what they want)

�  Love Shochad (bribes/payoffs)

�  Rodef Shalmonim (has favorites)

�         No justice to the yatom/orphan because of bribery

�         the cause of the almana/widow won't come to them

�  Fix the problem: console/relive myself from my troubles

�         וְאֶצְרֹף כַּבֹּר סִיגָיִךְ

�      burn to a mixture and take out the tin/not precious metal- to tell the difference between the bad people (leaders, bnei yisroel, sedom, amora) and the good people. Destory the bad.

�         וְאָסִירָה, כָּל-בְּדִילָיִךְ

�      take out the alloy (not precious metal)

�         וְאָשִׁיבָה שֹׁפְטַיִךְ כְּבָרִאשֹׁנָה

�      return the judges to how they were

�         וְיֹעֲצַיִךְ כְּבַתְּחִלָּה

�      and the advisors as they were

�          אַחֲרֵי-כֵן, יִקָּרֵא לָךְ עִיר הַצֶּדֶק--קִרְיָה, נֶאֱמָנָה

�      After this it will be called the city of righteousness, of faithfulness

�  צִיּוֹן, בְּמִשְׁפָּט תִּפָּדֶה; וְשָׁבֶיהָ, בִּצְדָקָה

�         Jerusalem, with justice, will be redeemed and with righteousness be returned

�  וְשֶׁבֶר פֹּשְׁעִים וְחַטָּאִים, יַחְדָּו; וְעֹזְבֵי יְהוָה, יִכְלוּ (the destruction of the sinners- pesha is on purpose to anger God and chet is unintentionally- will be together and the ones who leave God will be eaten)

�         כִּי יֵבֹשׁוּ, מֵאֵילִים אֲשֶׁר חֲמַדְתֶּם וְתַחְפְּרוּ--מֵהַגַּנּוֹת, אֲשֶׁר בְּחַרְתֶּם

�      embarrassed by:

�   the idols they worshiped

�  of their gardens because of the idols worshiped instead of doing the right thing

�  Do the right thing and won't have anyone to put out the fire for the dry trees because there isn't any water-no hope for the bad people

�         כִּי תִהְיוּ, כְּאֵלָה נֹבֶלֶת עָלֶהָ; וּכְגַנָּה, אֲשֶׁר-מַיִם אֵין לָהּ

�      will be like a fading leaf and a garden that doesn't have water

�         וְהָיָה הֶחָסֹן לִנְעֹרֶת, וּפֹעֲלוֹ לְנִיצוֹץ; וּבָעֲרוּ שְׁנֵיהֶם יַחְדָּו, וְאֵין מְכַבֶּה

�      the strong (ceder tree) will be burned with the weak tree and there is no one to put it out

Yeshayahu ben Amotz�s Nevuah on Jerualsem and Yehudah

Greatness of God and his Torah in the future

v  How will the world be able to have peace?

�  �Wars can destroy the world�

�  Albert Einstein: �Peace cannot be kept by force it can only be achieved by UNDERSTANDING.�- UN�s representatives were created to maintain peace throughout the world through negotiations (Diburim)

�  Understanding (Havana)

�  Peace

�  At the end of the days (Acharit Hayamim)- when Mashiah comes

�  Nachon: hazak/ metukan/Mushlam- will be strong and fulfilled

�  (Beit Hamikdash) On the top of the mountains and Nisah (taller) Mgevaot

�         Beit hamikdash will be strong on the mountain in its basis on values.

�         Why higher?  It is not physically higher but spiritually higher

�  Vnaharu Elav col hagoim

�         The goyim flow/stream together like a river

�        

Morah: teaches the ways of God Judge: tells you if you are doing the right or wrong

Ohr: enlightened when they realized that the beit hamikdash is the basis  of hashem�s religion so they went there

�        

Mashiach

For:

�     

�      Jerusalem: Devar Hashem

� 

�  Lechu vnaleh: let us go and walk up

�  Yorenu mderachav: let us be instructed in his ways

�  Nelcha borchotav: let us walk in his way

�  Vshafat ben hagoyim vhochiach leamim rabim: teach the strong way

Malbim:

�  Between nation to nation

�  Within the nation: his job is to show the problems in the nation

�  What will the goyim do?

�  Cititu Harvotam: break their swords

�          to Itim: plows

�  Chanit: spears

�         Mazmerot: scissors (misparayim)

�  They will not kill and there will be no wars

�  If all the nations agree on the one righteous and orderly way in the world then mashiach will come and tell them the right and not right way. In that time everyone will will be enlightened and recognized that Hashem is the only god. They will view the beit hamikdash as a strong building and will go there and want to learn the right way All the warlike things will be used for the land.= there will be no point to wars in the world/ God will make there be peace

v  List what will happen in the day God to the nation of Israel and Jerusalem (Byimei Hamashiach)

�  Geshamiyut:

�  �Vayisach (bow) Adam Vayishpal ish Veal Tesaah Lahem�

�  Opposite denominator (tzad hasveh) think about/ look forward to/ happy/love/hate/jealousy/respect the item

�  Ruchaniut

�  �Vnisgav Hashem Lvado bayom Hahu�- God will stand alone/exaulted bayom Hashem

Difference between them: The Nation of Israel should lower (hishpiel) themselves to God�s greatness but instead they lower themselves to something that they made by hand. The goyim do all the good and serve god and the nation of god that received the Torah don�t do good- it is silly.

�  Things that the Jews worshipped (not good)

�  Milu Mikedem: no laws/barbaric/not educated

�  Ohninim cplishtim: Cishuf/ blac magic/ filled their lives with things they learned from the east

�  Yaldai necharim Yashpiku:

�          Content with the children of a none Jewish women that they were with

�         Mesudat David: The child is the ideas of the non-Jews (Necharim) that

�  Gold and silver: money

�  Horses and chariots (mercavot)

�  Elilim: other gods/idols= physical/ things they made with their hands

�  Difference in the personality of man (baofi)- between the 2 quotes listed

�  Everyone recognizes (yacir) God and is the owner of his choices (ba�alei ga�ava) and degrades himself for him.

�  Degrading himself/his time and energy thining about material stuff that he or another man did with his own hands

�  God gives us the choice in everything that we do and we bow down to materialistic stuff and not to God?? This is crazy!

�  The day of God- �Vnisgav Hashem Lvado bayom Hahu�

�  Type of man: Hashem is the ing and one must degrade himself before his highness

�        

Ga�ava

Geya

�         Ram

�         Nisa (higher)

�         Shefel: anav (degrade/ modest)

�  Tevah (nature): everyone recognizes than God is greater than everyone (great in nature)

�         Arazei Lebanon (ceder)

�         Alonei bashan (oak)

�         Har haramim (high mountains)

�         Gevaot (nisa)

�  Man makes things tall and strong

�         Migdal Gavohah (tall tower)

�         Choma Gavohah

�         Aniyot Tarshish (strong boats)

�         Schiyot hachemdah (marble palaces)

�  Pasuk 11 and 17 have �vnisgav��- starts and ends with the same concept. God is at the beginning and at the end. Everything in the middle doesn�t matter

�  Reaction of The nation of Israel when they realize the truth

�  Chalif col Elilim (change all the idols)

�  Went to miarot (caves) and Mchilot afar (sand dunes)- because they are afraid

�  Everyone will degrade himself to God and will know the truth

�  �Chidlu Lachem Min Hadam Asher Nishama bapo Ci bameh Nachshav Hu�

�  Stop/withdraw from man/ can�t trust in man because he is not worth anything.

�  God put man as the ruler over all that he created.

v  Parable of the Vineyard

1. Who is talking?                                   Man                            Prophet

2. To whom is he talking?                       People of the city        Son's of Israel

3. Who is the Dodi (person I love)?        Farmer (Icar/ahi)         God

4. Who wrote the song                            Farmer/dodi                God

5. To what does he hope/wish?               Anavim                       Mishpat and tzedaka

6. Cilcul- messed up Chavrah-society...and Cries of the oppressed-ashucim-orphan/widow/poor

   What did he receive                            basham                        Mispach and tzeaka

7. What was the plant (neta)?                 Sherek (best vine)       Man of Yehudah

8. Who is the vineyard?                          -------------------            sons of Israel

let me sing to my loved one on my vineyard. In the corner my vineyard was fertile (shemen).....

➢     Work: do it in 1 year

�  Vyeazkehu: Lachphor the land to find the stones

�  Vyesaklehu: Liphnot the stones to the side

�  Vyetaehu sherek: plant best vine to get the best wine

�  Migdal: to watch it

�  Yekev Chatzev bo: chisel out from the rock to collect the wine inside

➢     Result:

�  Vakav for anavim (hope)

�  Vaya'as Beushim: get sour or bad grapes

Worked the land so hard and the result was bad

He asked the people of the city to judge between him and the vineyard- does he have to destroy the vineyard or work harder on it ? He hoped to get good grapes but got sour grapes.

1. Haser mshucato: levaer- take away the fence around the vineyard so that there is fodder for the animals

2. Parotz gedero: merams- destroy the fence so that the animals trample

3. veashitehu batah: need to prune the shrubbery otherwise make the vineyard desolate

a. dont Yezaver (prune)

b. dont Yeader (weed/kotzim- shamir vasayit)

c. command the clouds not to rain (avim maleh matir)- this is a hint that it is a parable because a farmer cannot command clouds not to rain

➢     What did God decide to do with the Sons of Israel?

�  God decides to destroy Sons of Israel indirectly

�  God destroyed th fence around Sons of Israel so that the Goyim could come and kill them

�  The prophet put on this whole skit that way maybe the people might realize what it really means.

v  List the 6 calls of warning (start with �Hoi�)

➢     Against the Meshtlatim/rule or control on the lands

�  kicking someone out of your neighborhood and moving them to a bad neighborhood It is not against the law to buy someones house but it is not justice to send him to a bad neighboorhood

➢     against the drunk (shicurim)

�  If you drin you go all night clubbing- have no morals and are wasting your life/ no purpose to your life

➢     against the ones the mock the prophesy

�  Chaval shave (useless thin rope)  that break to Avat Agala (thick rope) that is strong. Continued to sin and need thick rope to carry all their sins.

➢     against the pure or impure

�  they switch bad to good and good to bad

�  darness to light and light to dar

�  sour to sweet and swee to sour

�  They cant say the truth- their perception is screwed up

➢     against those that think they they are smart

�  only smart in their own eyes

�  look into a mirror/meri and see chinam

➢     against the judges that take bribes

�  Drink wine and beer

�  take away the justice from the righteous one by telling him their he doesn't do justice.

How can a Mishpat become a Mispach (messed up society)?

Mishpat +Tzedek= will of God

Mishpat- Tzedek= Mispach and Tzeaka

Can have law but not justice.

➢     Tzedek

�  Breishit and Shemot- idea of right thing to do

➢     Mishpat

�  Shemot and Vayikra- actionable

Hell will widen for the following (hirchivah shol naphsha upeara pihah libli chok):

➢     hadara: glorify themselves

➢     hamonah: masses

➢     sheohnah:noisemakers

➢     alez: partiers

Nimshal to Mashal hacerem

v  write 2 ways/ ophnim that God took to punish the nation of Israel

�  If they don't change, they get punished

�  כִּי מָאֲסוּ, אֵת תּוֹרַת יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת, וְאֵת אִמְרַת קְדוֹשׁ-יִשְׂרָאֵל, נִאֵצוּ

�  summary of the hoi keta

�  disgusted and disgraced torat Hashem

�  The non-Jews will come so fast

�  אֵין-עָיֵף וְאֵין-כּוֹשֵׁל בּוֹ, לֹא יָנוּם וְלֹא יִישָׁן; וְלֹא נִפְתַּח אֵזוֹר חֲלָצָיו, וְלֹא נִתַּק שְׂרוֹךְ נְעָלָיו

�         Won't be tired or trip. Won't sleep. Didn't unbuckle their belts or untie their shoelaces

�  אֲשֶׁר חִצָּיו שְׁנוּנִים, וְכָל-קַשְּׁתֹתָיו דְּרֻכוֹת; פַּרְסוֹת סוּסָיו כַּצַּר נֶחְשָׁבוּ, וְגַלְגִּלָּיו כַּסּוּפָה

�         their arrows sharpened and bows cocked. Their horses hooves like flint and wheels like a storm.

�  שְׁאָגָה לוֹ, כַּלָּבִיא; ושאג (יִשְׁאַג) כַּכְּפִירִים וְיִנְהֹם וְיֹאחֵז טֶרֶף, וְיַפְלִיט וְאֵין מַצִּיל

�         Roar like a lion, roar like a beast. Carried off the prey somewhere safe and no one could save it

�  וְיִנְהֹם עָלָיו בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא, כְּנַהֲמַת-יָם; וְנִבַּט לָאָרֶץ, וְהִנֵּה-חֹשֶׁךְ, צַר וָאוֹר, חָשַׁךְ בַּעֲרִיפֶיהָ

�  will be in the future

v  Explain Yeshayahu's first prophesy

�  �Ein mukdam umuchar batorah� 742-688 BCE

�  Devar Torah blashon bnei adam� Anthromorphism

�  Rambam:

�  When people worship idols they dont thing that the idols are God, rather a arbitrator between man and God. But when god gives a physical aspect (iver phisi) to God he is lowering God.

�   

�  Rotzeh Lelamed SheHasem Kavuah, Cavod, Vmelech Olam

�  Also Saw:

w  שְׂרָפִים עֹמְדִים מִמַּעַל לוֹ, שֵׁשׁ כְּנָפַיִם שֵׁשׁ כְּנָפַיִם לְאֶחָד:  בִּשְׁתַּיִם יְכַסֶּה פָנָיו, וּבִשְׁתַּיִם יְכַסֶּה רַגְלָיו--וּבִשְׁתַּיִם יְעוֹפֵף

�         angels standing above him, each with 6 wings.

�         2 to cover his face (symbolize nakedness and Tziniut)

�         2 to cover his feet (symbolize nakedness and Tziniut)

�         2 to fly

�  The Angels said:

w  וְקָרָא זֶה אֶל-זֶה וְאָמַר, קָדוֹשׁ קָדוֹשׁ קָדוֹשׁ יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת; מְלֹא כָל-הָאָרֶץ, כְּבוֹדוֹ

�         One said to the other that Hasem is holy, his honor fills the world- they all agreed to say that God is Kadosh.

�         Why said this to Yeshayahu? So that he doesnt think that God is only in the sky but also on land- he is all over- Ltaken ba'aya- to educate him what is the right way to think because this is only his first prophesy

�         bow to the left first because bowing to God's right is giving him more honor to his right side.

w  וַיָּנֻעוּ אַמּוֹת הַסִּפִּים, מִקּוֹל הַקּוֹרֵא; וְהַבַּיִת, יִמָּלֵא עָשָׁן

�         the pillars shook from the voice of the angels in unison and the house was filled with smoke

�         smoke: God's Schinah came- to show that you can't see God, you see smoke but not God

v  Yeshyahu's reaction to his first prophesy (& how he was purified)

�  אוֹי-לִי כִי-נִדְמֵיתִי: I am going to die

�  He interpreted the prophesy the wrong way. He didn't interpret it metaphorically but literally

�  אִישׁ טְמֵא-שְׂפָתַיִם אָנֹכִי: man of impure lips

�  he portrayed God in a physical way

�  Difference between him and Moshe: he thought he saw God and you are not allowed to see God so he thought it was a sign.

�  וַיָּעָף אֵלַי, אֶחָד מִן-הַשְּׂרָפִים, וּבְיָדוֹ, רִצְפָּה; בְּמֶלְקַחַיִם--לָקַח, מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ וַיַּגַּע עַל-פִּי--וַיֹּאמֶר, הִנֵּה נָגַע זֶה עַל-שְׂפָתֶיךָ; וְסָר עֲו‍ֹנֶךָ, וְחַטָּאתְךָ תְּכֻפָּר

�  An angel came with coal in his hand which he took with tongs off of the altar. He put it in Yeshayahu's mouth and said this has touched your lips and took away your sin

v  For what did God choose Yeshayhu to do as a prophey?- the middleman between God and Bnei Yisroel (instructions from God for the hope in the future)

�  Tell Bnei Yisroel:

�  שִׁמְעוּ שָׁמוֹעַ וְאַל-תָּבִינוּ, וּרְאוּ רָאוֹ וְאַל-תֵּדָעוּ

�         in other prophesies that come to warn that if they don't listen and don't repent so maybe Yeshayahu's job is to punish

�  הַשְׁמֵן לֵב-הָעָם הַזֶּה, וְאָזְנָיו הַכְבֵּד וְעֵינָיו הָשַׁע:  פֶּן-יִרְאֶה בְעֵינָיו וּבְאָזְנָיו יִשְׁמָע, וּלְבָבוֹ יָבִין וָשָׁב--וְרָפָא לוֹ

�  to describe bnei Yisroel- their hearts were like stone, their ears heavy, their eyes closed- they didn't listen and didn't repent

�   הָ is wrriten in front of fat, heavy, closed in order to tell them to continue to do bad so that God can punish them

Do this until when?

�  שָׁאוּ עָרִים מֵאֵין יוֹשֵׁב: until cities are wasted because there are no inhabitants

�  בָתִּים מֵאֵין אָדָם: no people in the houses

�  הָאֲדָמָה, תִּשָּׁאֶה שְׁמָמָה: the land becomes desolate

�  וְרִחַק יְהוָה, אֶת-הָאָדָם; וְרַבָּה הָעֲזוּבָה, בְּקֶרֶב הָאָרֶץ: God will banish man and there will be many deserted areas in the middle of the land- until exile from Israel

Sign of hope:

�  וְעוֹד בָּהּ עֲשִׂרִיָּה, וְשָׁבָה וְהָיְתָה לְבָעֵר:  כָּאֵלָה וְכָאַלּוֹן, אֲשֶׁר בְּשַׁלֶּכֶת מַצֶּבֶת בָּם--זֶרַע קֹדֶשׁ, מַצַּבְתָּהּ

�         Asiriya: 1/10 left in the land shows some hope that they will return.

�         Lvaer: fodder or burn

�         like a tree that the stump remains, the holy seed will be the stump

�      When all leaves fall off the branches are left. Still have stump that gives us hope. The roots that give moister (lhutz) to the tree and the stump remain. Even though the tree looks like its dead...it will live again over time. Just like the tree can't be totally destroyed so bnei yisroel can't be totally destroyed.

v  Political climate of the kingdom of Judah in the days of Achaz (Conversation between Achaz and Yeshayahu that Ritzin and Pekach's idea won't stand)

�  Aram and Israel (Ephraim) come to fight with Judah

�  בִּימֵי אָחָז בֶּן-יוֹתָם בֶּן-עֻזִּיָּהוּ מֶלֶךְ יְהוּדָה, עָלָה רְצִין מֶלֶךְ-אֲרָם וּפֶקַח בֶּן-רְמַלְיָהוּ מֶלֶךְ-יִשְׂרָאֵל יְרוּשָׁלִַם, לַמִּלְחָמָה

�  Judah feels trapped

�  they didn't win against Judah

�  וַיָּנַע לְבָבוֹ וּלְבַב עַמּוֹ, כְּנוֹעַ עֲצֵי-יַעַר מִפְּנֵי-רוּחַ

�         their hearts were beating like trees shake from the wind because Judah realized that it is getting attacked by Israel and Aram and feels trapped

�  God told Yeshayahu to go with his son שְׁאָר יָשׁוּב ( will remain of bnei yisroel- wont be destroyed)to Achaz  אֶל-קְצֵה, תְּעָלַת הַבְּרֵכָה הָעֶלְיוֹנָה--אֶל-מְסִלַּת, שְׂדֵה כוֹב

�  Why this place? This is where the people of Judah wash their clothes. It was the top place that everyone came to. He wanted everyone to hear what he had to say.

�  What was the prophesy of hope?

�         וְאָמַרְתָּ אֵלָיו הִשָּׁמֵר וְהַשְׁקֵט אַל-תִּירָא, וּלְבָבְךָ אַל-יֵרַךְ, מִשְּׁנֵי זַנְבוֹת הָאוּדִים הָעֲשֵׁנִים, הָאֵלֶּה

�      said to Achaz, watch over yourself (don't get an ally) and be quiet (don't make war) against Aram and Israel

�      don't be afraid of Aram and Israel because their torches are burnt out/they are finished- at one time they had fire but now they have nothing left only butt end of the torches (udim), only smoke.

�  Strategy of Aram & Israel:

�         נַעֲלֶה בִיהוּדָה וּנְקִיצֶנָּה, וְנַבְקִעֶנָּה אֵלֵינוּ; וְנַמְלִיךְ מֶלֶךְ בְּתוֹכָהּ, אֵת בֶּן-טָבְאַל

�      cause war in Judah and break her walls and appoint a king, son of taval

�      go to Judah to kill Achaz and to put a king that they want/kill king that wouldnt agree with them (Achaz)

�       כֹּה אָמַר, אֲדֹנָי יְהוִה:  לֹא תָקוּם, וְלֹא תִהְיֶה: It won't happen

�  Because:

�  the capital city of aram is Damascus and its king is Ritzin and in 65 years the enemies won't be alive (Ephraim). The capital of Ephraim is Shomron and its king is the son of Remalyahu

�  אִם לֹא תַאֲמִינוּ, כִּי לֹא תֵאָמֵנוּ

�  If you don't believe that they wont be able to stand, it is because you don't believe in God

�  If you don't believe that Israel and Aram won't stand then you won't stand/ will be destroyed/ I will kill you

v  Sign that the 2 northern kings will die (of aram and Israel) (continue convo btw Yeshayahu and Achaz- the 1^st sign)

�  שְׁאַל-לְךָ אוֹת, מֵעִם יְהוָה אֱלֹהֶיךָ; הַעְמֵק שְׁאָלָה, אוֹ הַגְבֵּהַּ לְמָעְלָה

�  Yeshayahu (God) said: ask me a sign that those 2 kings aren't going to bother you. Deep down ask, because if you want a sign I will do everything for you, up to bringing someone back from the dead

�  וַיֹּאמֶר, אָחָז:  לֹא-אֶשְׁאַל וְלֹא-אֲנַסֶּה, אֶת-יְהוָה

�  Achaz said: I don't want to ask, I don't want to test God

�         either he's great and doesn't want to test God

�         or he doesn't need God- bad

�  הַמְעַט מִכֶּם הַלְאוֹת אֲנָשִׁים, כִּי תַלְאוּ גַּם אֶת-אֱלֹהָי

�  Yeshayahu said: Is it not enough that you piss off man but you also piss off god

�         He doesn't want to believe because he didn't ask for the sign

�  So then god will give you a sign- a alma (virgin) will have a son and his name will be עִמָּנוּ אֵל

�         God is with us

�         חֶמְאָה וּדְבַשׁ, יֹאכֵל--לְדַעְתּוֹ מָאוֹס בָּרָע, וּבָחוֹר בַּטּוֹב:

�      the child will eat butter and honey when he can tell the difference between good and bad

�         כִּי בְּטֶרֶם יֵדַע הַנַּעַר, מָאֹס בָּרָע--וּבָחֹר בַּטּוֹב:  תֵּעָזֵב הָאֲדָמָה אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה קָץ, מִפְּנֵי שְׁנֵי מְלָכֶיהָ

�      As soon as the boy knows to refuse the evil and choose the good, the land will be deserted from kings

�         God will bring upon you days that didn't happen from the day that beni yisroel chsparated to 2 parts (Israel and Judah)- even the king of Ashur (reaction of the day that ashur will come and kill Israel and Aram)

v  4 stages of the invasion of Ashur (bayom hahu(repeated concept)- the day that ashur comes to conquer Israel and Aram

בַּיּוֹם הַהוּא

�  Nachu: encamp

�  יִשְׁרֹק יְהוָה לַזְּבוּב, אֲשֶׁר בִּקְצֵה, יְאֹרֵי מִצְרָיִם; וְלַדְּבוֹרָה--אֲשֶׁר, בְּאֶרֶץ אַשּׁוּר

�         God will whistle for the fly in the rivers of Egypt, and to the bees in Ashur- like bees because they were many and in all places.

�  וּבָאוּ וְנָחוּ כֻלָּם בְּנַחֲלֵי הַבַּתּוֹת, וּבִנְקִיקֵי הַסְּלָעִים; וּבְכֹל, הַנַּעֲצוּצִים, וּבְכֹל, הַנַּהֲלֹלִים

�         Ashur will encamp in the rivers, in cracks of rocks, in the carcasses of Israel and Aram, in all the thorns...

�      no place without a soldier (like the frogs in Egypt)

�  Giluach: shave-

�  יְגַלַּח אֲדֹנָי בְּתַעַר הַשְּׂכִירָה בְּעֶבְרֵי נָהָר, בְּמֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר, אֶת-הָרֹאשׁ, וְשַׂעַר הָרַגְלָיִם; וְגַם אֶת-הַזָּקָן, תִּסְפֶּה

�         shave with a razor all the hair- cut off the people- of the head, legs, beard (God is omnipresent). Do this with rented blade- not yours- Ashur. Use them to kill Aram and Israel.

�  Chemah uDevash: malchut Judah- Emanuel- he understands between good and bad- the prophesy came true

�  יְחַיֶּה-אִישׁ עֶגְלַת בָּקָר, וּשְׁתֵּי-צֹאן

�         there was time to work

�  מֵרֹב עֲשׂוֹת חָלָב--יֹאכַל חֶמְאָה:  כִּי-חֶמְאָה וּדְבַשׁ יֹאכֵל, כָּל-הַנּוֹתָר בְּקֶרֶב הָאָרֶץ

�         Because of so mch milk from the cow there will be butter. Will eat honey and butter and the leftover in the land of Judah- they will be left in Eretz Yisroel- instead of warring they can work the land

�  bachitzim ubceshet...shamir veshayit...: total desolation- the land will be filled with thorns and wild animals

�  כָל-מָקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִהְיֶה-שָּׁם אֶלֶף גֶּפֶן, בְּאֶלֶף כָּסֶף:  לַשָּׁמִיר וְלַשַּׁיִת, יִהְיֶה

�         there aren't any men in the land, it is deserted. No people to work the land so thorns growing.

�  בַּחִצִּים וּבַקֶּשֶׁת, יָבוֹא שָׁמָּה:  כִּי-שָׁמִיר וָשַׁיִת, תִּהְיֶה כָל-הָאָרֶץ

�         Need protection from wild animals with bow and arrow

�  וְכֹל הֶהָרִים, אֲשֶׁר בַּמַּעְדֵּר יֵעָדֵרוּן--לֹא-תָבוֹא שָׁמָּה, יִרְאַת שָׁמִיר וָשָׁיִת; וְהָיָה לְמִשְׁלַח שׁוֹר, וּלְמִרְמַס שֶׂה

�         (don't think you have to know this???)

v  2^nd sign that symbolizes when the 2 kings in the North will be killed (3^rd son)

�  קַח-לְךָ גִּלָּיוֹן גָּדוֹל; וּכְתֹב עָלָיו בְּחֶרֶט אֱנוֹשׁ, לְמַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז.

�  Take a document and wrote this name on it- fast booty/loot

�  walk around town with the document and say that ashur will come so need signatures to show that it is a valid document

�         the witnesses:

�      אוּרִיָּה הַכֹּהֵן

�      זְכַרְיָהוּ בֶּן יְבֶרֶכְיָהוּ

�  Go and have relations with the prophets wife and impregnate her. And call him  מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז

�  When the child knows how to say mom and dad, the booty (chail/shalal) of Shomron and Damascus carried off in front of the king of ashur

�         God back to Ashur. It is a 1 time killing, capturing & piliaging deal. They can't go back to kill Judah

�         Is the 2^nd son and him twins? Not the point, the point is that the prophesy will come quickly

v  The pasuk that shows that Ashur wont succeed against the kingdom of Judah. (idea of enemies of Judah wont work)

�  Why did they also want to kill Judah?

�  אִם לֹא תַאֲמִינוּ, כִּי לֹא תֵאָמֵנוּ: if they don't believe, God will send Ashur to kill Judah (pasuk from previous keta)

�  מָאַס הָעָם הַזֶּה, אֵת מֵי הַשִּׁלֹחַ, הַהֹלְכִים לְאַט; וּמְשׂוֹשׂ אֶת-רְצִין, וּבֶן-רְמַלְיָהוּ

�  Achaz did bad, he refused (ma'as) me hashiloach (river in Jerusalem) that used to go slowly. It used to be calm because everyone believed in God but because you disturbed the system that is the reason why God will bring Ashur against you

�  מַעֲלֶה עֲלֵיהֶם אֶת-מֵי הַנָּהָר, הָעֲצוּמִים וְהָרַבִּים--אֶת-מֶלֶךְ אַשּׁוּר, וְאֶת-כָּל-כְּבוֹדוֹ; וְעָלָה, עַל-כָּל-אֲפִיקָיו, וְהָלַךְ, עַל-כָּל-גְּדוֹתָיו

וְחָלַף בִּיהוּדָה שָׁטַף וְעָבַר, עַד-צַוָּאר יַגִּיעַ; וְהָיָה מֻטּוֹת כְּנָפָיו, מְלֹא רֹחַב-אַרְצְךָ עִמָּנוּ אֵל

�  Soldiers of Ashur are like a flood on bnei yisroel. Ashur is compared to a mighty  and many river- shataf (overflowing). The water went up to their necks (not heads) and the edges of the flood filled up in width on the land. God is with kingdom of Judah.

�  עֻצוּ עֵצָה, וְתֻפָר; דַּבְּרוּ דָבָר וְלֹא יָקוּם, כִּי עִמָּנוּ אֵל

�  answer the the TLW

�  ashur had a strategy/plan of attack but it is not going to work

�  can't destroy kingdom of Judah (only went up to the neck...didn't kill all of them)

�  Even though ashur came to fight against Judah they didn't destroy all of Judah (not forever) because �god is with us�

v  Why is the kingdom of Judah happy  (Judah is happy on the downfall of Ashur)

�  River came already but did not  wipe all out but ashur can not come again

�  הָעָם הַהֹלְכִים בַּחֹשֶׁךְ, רָאוּ אוֹר גָּדוֹל:  יֹשְׁבֵי בְּאֶרֶץ צַלְמָוֶת, אוֹר נָגַהּ עֲלֵיהֶם

Choshech/shachor=dark/death/fear/bad

light= happiness/hope/life

�light at the end of a dark tunnel�

�  the metaphor...

�  עֹל סֻבֳּלוֹ, וְאֵת מַטֵּה שִׁכְמוֹ, שֵׁבֶט, הַנֹּגֵשׂ בּוֹ--הַחִתֹּתָ, כְּיוֹם מִדְיָן

�  burden, stick of the back, rod of the oppressor, break like the day in Midyan (Gideon killed them in one night)

�  Ashur will break

�   כָל-סְאוֹן סֹאֵן בְּרַעַשׁ, וְשִׂמְלָה מְגוֹלָלָה בְדָמִים; וְהָיְתָה לִשְׂרֵפָה, מַאֲכֹלֶת אֵשׁ

�  all the military boots stromping nosily in military uniform, drenched in blood (they are bloody from the war against aram)

�  and will be burned by the fire

�  Babel comes fast and kills ashur before they can kill Judah.

v  Last sign that symbolizes that the kingdom of Judah will be in peace (4^th son)

� יֶלֶד יֻלַּד-לָנוּ, בֵּן נִתַּן-לָנוּ, וַתְּהִי הַמִּשְׂרָה, עַל-שִׁכְמוֹ; וַיִּקְרָא שְׁמוֹ פֶּלֶא יוֹעֵץ, אֵל גִּבּוֹר, אֲבִי-עַד, שַׂר-שָׁלוֹם

�  New era (tekufa chadasha) of peace, justice and righteousness

�         פֶּלֶא יוֹעֵץ: idea is wondrous

�          אֵל גִּבּוֹר:  God is great

�         אֲבִי-עַד: father forever

�         שַׂר-שָׁלוֹם: king of peace

�      argument if the name of the 4^th son is the whole name or only the king of peace. His If his name is only sar shalom, the 1^st 3 part of his name are descriptions of God

�      argument if the 4^th son is the son of Yeshayahu or Achaz. If it is Achaz's son it is Chezkiyahu (in his time there wasn't any war)

�  לם רבה (לְמַרְבֵּה) הַמִּשְׂרָה וּלְשָׁלוֹם אֵין-קֵץ, עַל-כִּסֵּא דָוִד וְעַל-מַמְלַכְתּוֹ, לְהָכִין אֹתָהּ וּלְסַעֲדָהּ, בְּמִשְׁפָּט וּבִצְדָקָה; מֵעַתָּה, וְעַד-עוֹלָם, קִנְאַת יְהוָה צְבָאוֹת, תַּעֲשֶׂה-זֹּאת

�  Government be increased. no end to peace on the throne of David and his kingdom that he will prepare his nation for justice and righteousness (footstep)

v  בְּכָל-זֹאת לֹא-שָׁב אַפּוֹ, וְעוֹד יָדוֹ נְטוּיָה: even with all the sins, his anger is not turned way but his hand is stretched out- even though he already punished them he is still angry because they didn't learn from the punishment, they continue to do bad

�  basically all you have to know for this part...

v  What will happen in the days of Mashiach? (compare this perek and perek bet)

�  וְיָצָא חֹטֶר, מִגֵּזַע יִשָׁי; וְנֵצֶר, מִשָּׁרָשָׁיו יִפְרֶה

�  tikbolet nirdefet

�  A branch will blossom from the stump of the father of David and the shoot from the roots will come up

�  Description of Mashiach: natural

�  wisdom

�  bina: certainty

�  etza: advice

�  gevura: strength/courage to stand up for the right thing to do

�  de'at: knowledge- knows a lot

�  ir'at hashem: knows there is someone to judge him

�  tzedek: just

�  yashar: straight

�  ruach sefatav: dibur- good speaker

�  emuna: loyal

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